BUSINESS & COMPUTER SCIENCES

Word Processing: This course is designed to help prepare the student for the academic or work environment by increasing keyboarding efficiency and output with the skilled use of a computer word processing program.  Students are introduced to techniques applicable to a variety of word processing systems as well as gaining proficiency on a particular, popular word processing program.  Applicable computer terminology will be covered.

Introduction to Computers: This course is designed to provide students with the skills needed to use the computer as a tool for improving personal productivity. Students experience hands-on instruction in word processing, spreadsheet, and database programs. Significant events in the development of the computer and basic computer terminology will be discussed. Correct computer usage and maintaining personal integrity in the use of computers will be emphasized and practiced. Most significant computer applications and technologies in present use or being developed are discussed according to the interests and background of each class.

Introduction to Occupations: This course is designed as an introduction to the world of business and work.  Topics include the working citizen, personal resource management, human relations/decision making, and economics of work.  

Marketing I: This course is an overview of the important role that marketing plays in our economic system.  Emphasis is on the effect of marketing on our economy; the consumer, industrial, and special markets; product research and development.  

Introduction to Law: This is a course designed to provide the student with the understanding of the parameters of legal rights and obligations.  The acquisition of knowledge about law is approached as a means for expanding one's ability for responsible citizenship.  Topics include law and the individual, criminal, and civil law. Law games, a mock criminal investigation, and guest speakers enhance the curriculum.

Introduction to Business Law: This course deals primarily with contract law and its application to business and everyday life.  This course is recommended for students who will be pursuing a business major in college.

Business Principles & Management: This course is an overview of management practices and principles.  Major topics include management functions of planning, organization, directing, and controlling.  The intra-personal and human relations aspects of management are considered.  This course is recommended for all students planning to major in business in college.  

College Accounting: This course covers the concepts and principles of accounting as they relate to financial statements of a single proprietorship.  Financial statement analysis and an introduction to cost accounting are also investigated.  Students are required to purchase related accounting workbooks.  This course is recommended for students who will be pursuing a business major in college and to prepare the student for the CLEP exam for college credit.  

Introduction to Programming: This course is designed for students interested in pursuing a career (scientists, mathematicians, engineers, data processors, computer programmers) requiring programming skills.  This course develops the basic ideas of problem solving, structured programming and top down design.  Topics include problem definition, step-wise refinement, algorithmic solutions, program structure and elementary data structures.  

Advanced Studies in Programming: The student will build his/her level of computer competency through additional programming experience.  Advanced concepts such as loops and classes will be mastered.  Program documentation, friendliness and structure will be emphasized.  Students will write programs suitable for future college interest courses.  

Advanced Placement Computer Science: The student will acquire the computer science knowledge and skills necessary for further education in computer science and engineering.  Programming is done in Java with heavy emphasis being placed on computer science theory and program development.  "Interesting" and involved programming projects will be the norm.  Topics will closely follow those in the Advanced Placement curriculum.  Students in this class will take the Advanced Placement exam in Computer Science in May.  

Entrepreneurship – Owning Your Own Business: This course will help to prepare students to carry out the entrepreneurial process. Students will gain an understanding of production, marketing, finance, human resources, and social and environmental issues affecting entrepreneurs. In addition, students will create their own business plan and develop growth strategies to expand the business. Social and ethical responsibilities of entrepreneurs will also be explored.

ENGLISH

English 9 Honors: This course is a more intensive English 9 course with added emphasis on the study of literary topics.  Geared toward the highly motivated student, the course includes a greater number of reading and writing projects highlighted by the necessity to construct more advanced essays.  Added vocabulary and spelling assignments are required.  

English 10: The emphasis of English 10 is on literature, as well as written and oral communication.  The course is designed to strengthen the student's background and foster creativity through the interpretation of British, American, and international literature.  Students establish a standard of critical evaluation and are called upon to demonstrate writing ability, as well as the development and expression of thought within a structured speech unit.  The composition emphasis will be on descriptive, narrative, and expository writing, with an introduction to the development of the literary essay.  A research paper, journal writing, and vocabulary and spelling are assigned.  

English 10 Honors: This course is appropriate for the more advanced student with a serious interest in English.  Particular emphasis is placed upon the investigation of symbolism, alternative writing styles, and the development of the modern novel.  In addition to the fundamental examples, special types of speeches are included.  Students in this course can expect a significantly greater number of reading and writing assignments.  

English 11: This course covers selected writers and major themes that constitute the culture and thinking of the American people.  The final objective of the course is for the student to better understand the process by which American literature has matured during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.  In addition to reading textbook selections and two novels, students engage in extensive essay writing.  A research paper and weekly vocabulary are also required.  

English 11 Honors: Similar to English 11 in format, this advanced course has higher priority on the development of a "polished" writing style.  Honor students can expect supplemental reading assignments, including two additional novels, and extra vocabulary work.  

Advanced Placement English Language: This course is designed to engage students in becoming skilled readers of prose written in a variety of periods, disciplines and rhetorical contexts, and in becoming skilled writers who compose for a variety of purposes.  A perspective on American Literature is integrated where applicable.  Students in this class will take the Advanced Placement exam in English Language in May.  

Communications in a Changing World: This course is designed to develop student skills in the field of verbal communications.  Course content includes experiences in such diverse topics as group dynamics, speech/debate, counseling, college/career interviews, sales presentations, motivation, humor, film/drama, and use of communications technology.  Students assist in the ongoing design of the course to ensure practical application to their lives.  Guest presenters and field trips augment the interactive teaching-learning process.  

Advanced Placement English Literature: This course is taught on the level of College Freshman English.  It is designed to prepare the interested student of the skills in literary analysis and expository writing that are inherent in the upper level college courses.  The course includes a study of English Literature from the Anglo-Saxon Period to the present.  An emphasis is placed on the study of classic literary models from which students can sharpen their critical standards and understanding of the writer's craft.  Students in this class will take the Advanced Placement exam in English Literature in May.  

Major British Writers: This course exposes the college-bound high school senior to an overview of the development of English literature (499-21 st century).  The content of the class is presented in a chronological perspective; included among the time periods covered are the Elizabethan, Miltonic, Romantic, Victorian and Contemporary.  Students are encouraged to develop standards of critical evaluation in order to better comprehend the motivation of the author in his given period of history.  

Creative Writing: This course is specifically designed for students who have an avid interest in expressing themselves through prose and poetry.  A review of the basic literary forms and styles serves as an introduction to the various units of composition, criticism, poetry, drama, and short story.  Emphasis is placed on the ability of the student to work independently in a "workshop" atmosphere, as well as on sharing and editing the writing samples of others.  

FINE ARTS

String Orchestra: Students participating in the String Orchestra actively engage in the creation and performance of orchestral music, thereby exposing students to orchestral music of varied genres and periods.  This course is treated as a professional ensemble; therefore, the students' musical vocabulary and appreciation for music will grow. Additionally, each student is required to participate in all school concerts and pursue private lessons on their orchestra instrument.  

Concert Choir: This course includes the study of a variety of music, both sacred and secular, from different periods of music history.  Attention is given to fundamental of music, rhythm reading, and vocal techniques.  Public performances are required.  

Fundamentals of Music: This course provides an introduction to the basic elements of music theory and note reading, music appreciation, music history, and composition.  Also covered are aesthetics, and why you like the music you do.  

Music Theory: This class provides further study into Fundamentals of Music concepts, studying elements of music theory, listening analysis, composition and basic harmony.  

Advance Placement Music Theory: This is a full-year course that is the equivalent of one year of a college program.  The course provides an opportunity of students with an active interest in writing and analyzing music to expand their high school experience.  Primary focus is the study of eighteenth century Bach-style writing.  Students in this class will take the Advanced Placement exam in Music Theory in May.  

Art Courses
Design: This is a full-year introductory art course focusing on the study of the elements (line, shape/form, color, texture/pattern, space) and principles (balance, rhythm, unity, contrast, emphasis) of design and how they relate to each other in a composition.  Sample projects include sculpture, scratch art, two and three- dimensional drawings, tempera and watercolor paintings, and clay relief.  

Ceramics/Sculpture I and II: Ceramics/Sculpture are one semester intermediate level courses.  Function and/or artistic intent, as well as design and decoration are emphasized in all work.  Two and three-dimensional design, pen and closed forms, spatial relationships, texture, and movement are covered.  Techniques and construction methods are explored in varied media such as clay, wood, plaster, metal, and paper.  

Computer Graphics I and II: Each a one-semester intermediate course, the Computer Graphics courses introduce the serious art student to the uses of Photoshop and Illustrator in art production.  

Creative Crafts I and II: Crafts I and II are one-semester intermediate level courses.  Students complete a variety of craft projects that may include decoupage, Ukrainian egg dying, ceramics, paper mache, German paper cutting, and string art.  

Drawing and Painting: This is a full-year intermediate level course specializing I various drawing and painting media and techniques.  Emphasis is placed on representation of still life, landscapes, animals, and human form.  Art history is incorporated into the curriculum.  Media include pencil, pen and ink, charcoal, pastel, watercolors, and paint.  

Advanced Art Lab (Drawing and Painting I-IV): Art Labs are advance level courses designed to encourage students to further develop their talents and abilities in the particular intermediate level course in which they spent a full year.  Students engage in appropriate study of historical models related to their individual course content.  The student must demonstrate an acceptable level of maturity required for self-directed classroom study.  

FOREIGN LANGUAGE

French III or Spanish III: On this level of foreign language, more complex grammar and syntax are introduced in the spoken and written language.  Emphasis is on vocabulary expansion, listening, reading comprehension, and writing.   Students develop comprehension skills and are able to express themselves in speaking and writing with relative ease in controlled activities and continue to increase their cultural awareness through readings and films.

French IV or Spanish IV: At this level, students prepare for the SAT II in Language which should be taken during the latter part of the course.  Students also begin preparations for the Advance Placement Examination in Language, given after Level V.  Grammatical concepts from previous levels are reviewed in depth and advanced grammar is introduced.  Vocabulary is greatly expanded through literature, cultural readings, tapes, and videos.  Oral skills are enhanced through tapes, films, and the foreign language laboratory.  

MATHEMATICS

Geometry: This is full-year course in Plane geometry.  Topics include points, lines, planes, angles, deductive reasoning, parallel lines and planes, congruent triangles, quadrilaterals, inequalities for triangles, similar polygons, right triangles, circles, loci and areas of plane figures.  A Geometry I Honors course is also offered, providing more rigorous study and additional topics related to course content.  

Algebra II with Trigonometry: This is second year course in Algebra with a study of Trigonometry.  Topics include data and linear representations, numbers and functions, systems of linear equations and inequalities, quadratic functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, polynomial functions, rational functions, conic sections, trigonometric functions, the laws of sines and cosines, fundamental trigonometric identities, and trigonometric equations.  

Intermediate Algebra: This is a second year course. Students study the same topics in algebra as the Algebra II with Trigonometry class, but less rigorously, at a slower pace, and without trigonometry. Students will use the TI 84 graphing calculator to graph functions, find solutions to systems of equations, and zero a polynomial equation.  

Pre-calculus: This course is designed to prepare students to take an Advance Placement Calculus course in high school or a college calculus course.  Topics include functions, function theory, types of functions such as polynomial, rational, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic, the study of conics, sequences and series, and an introduction to calculus that includes limits, derivatives, critical points, continuity, rules for derivatives, and integration.  

Math 12: This course follows the Pre-calculus syllabus in a somewhat less rigorous format that excludes topics covered in calculus.  

Advanced Placement Calculus AB: This advanced placement course consists of a full academic year of work in calculus and related topics.  One semester of college calculus credit can be earned.  Course topics include properties of functions, limit theory, and differential and integral calculus.  Students in this course will take the Advanced Placement exam in May.  

PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

9th , 10th , and 11th Grade Co-Ed P. E. : These courses offer a fine variety of physical activities to meet the needs of the age group of both girls and boys.  The emphasis of fundamental skills is applied to individual and co-ed team sports.  The courses offer soccer, speedball, volleyball, basketball, flag football, tennis, badminton, track and field and softball.  Physical fitness is also a prime objective of the course; the New York State Physical Fitness Test is given each semester.  

Senior Co-Ed P. E. : Building upon skills learned in Grades 9, 10, and 11, the 12 th grade students participate in some of the activities listed in the first three years.  Emphasis is placed on lifetime sports, with a continuing focus on fitness.  

Leaders' Club: A one-semester course offered to interested seniors who have demonstrated superior skills and abilities in Physical Education courses.  Students assist the instructors with individual attention to student and their developing physical/athletic abilities.

Physical Education Exemption: This exemption applies only to Long Island Lutheran Varsity athletes and participants in approved alternative programs that are not available at Long Island Lutheran Middle & High School. There are specific guidelines which are required to be fulfilled by the exempted student in order to receive credit for the Physical Education course. All corresponding paperwork must be filled out at the beginning of each season in which the student intends to be exempt. Students can contact the Physical Education Department if they are interested in this program.

RELIGION

Religion 9: An in depth study of relationships – both healthy and not so healthy; a comprehensive overview of Scripture, highlighting key stories and messages while emphasizing the impact on modern society; a full study of the Ten Commandments and their application to today's society; a meaningful look at Jesus' parables and miracles; an introduction to Martin Luther and the Reformation.  

Religion 10: A practical approach to character development, equipping students with the tools needed to make healthy, God-pleasing choices; a study of Paul's letters to the church at Corinth, emphasizing the morals and ethics conveyed in these epistles; a review of the sacraments of Baptism and Holy Communion; a study of the Lord's Prayer based upon the Small Catechism of Luther, emphasizing applications for today.  

Religion 11: A challenging study of the student's personal faith journey; a study of the Apostles' Creed based upon Luther's Small Catechism; a comparative study of world religions and Christian denominations, an in-depth study of the Gospels emphasizing Jesus as Prophet, Priest, and King; equip the student with the tools to "stand firm in faith" based on the stories o the Reformation and modern-day heroes of faith.  

World Religions in Our Backyard (A Comparative Class of Understanding and Tolerance): This survey course is designed to assist students in the exploration of basic belief systems. Beginning with Lutheranism, students will delve into history, beliefs, tradition, and culture. The course will continue by exploring similar aspects of other Christian denominations, as well as non-Christian religions. Creative delivery methods will involve interactive class discussion and research, supported by guest speakers and field trips to provide tangible learning experiences.

Understanding the Bible - Finding Your Story in God’s Story: Through storytelling, art and media, discussion and interactive experiences, students will gain a deeper understanding of the great, overarching story of God and see how that story continues with us. Through the unfolding story of the Bible, students will discover what God is like and the way we were created to live. These powerful stories of the Bible draw us into great moral truths that give us insight into who we are, who we could be, and why we are here.

SCIENCE

Biology: This class meets as a double period and involves extensive laboratory work and written lab reports.  The course emphasizes the cellular approach to biology and the position of humans in the ecosystem.  Typical animals and plants are used to explain the mechanics of biology.  Students are encouraged to take the SAT II in Biology at the completion of this course.  A Biology Honors course is also offered, providing more rigorous study and additional topics related to course content.  

Applied Chemistry: This course provides students with instruction that is directly related to day-to-day living.  Topics include science and measurement; properties, changes, and composition of matter; structure of atoms and molecules; the kinetic theory of matter; acids, bases, and salts; nuclear reactions; common gases in the atmosphere; and the chemistry of water.  Applied Chemistry is recorded as a non-laboratory science on the student's transcript.  

Chemistry: This course provides students with a modern view of the fundamental concepts of chemistry.  Topics include matter and energy, atomic structure, bonding, the periodic table, the mathematics of chemistry, kinetics and equilibrium, acid-base theories, redox and organic chemistry.  This class requires extensive laboratory work and written lab reports.  Students are encouraged to take the SAT II in Chemistry upon completion of this course.  

Physics: This course provides students with a modern view of the fundamental concepts of physics and is designed for students who are planning to major in the sciences, medicine, or engineering.  The major topics covered are mechanics, energy, electricity and magnetism, waves, and modern physics.  Additional topics include motion in a plane, internal energy, geometrical optics, and nuclear physics.  This class includes extensive laboratory work and written lab reports.  Students are encouraged to take the SAT II in Physics upon completion of this course.  

AP Physics B: AP Physics B is an Advanced Placement course in Physics. This course provides a systematic introduction to the main principles of physics and emphasizes the development of conceptual understanding and problem-solving ability using algebra and trigonometry, but rarely calculus. In most colleges, this is a one-year terminal course including a laboratory component and is not the usual preparation for more advanced physics and engineering courses. However, the B course provides a foundation in physics for students in the life sciences, pre-medicine, and some applied sciences, as well as other fields not directly related to science. Students will be required to maintain an average of 85 in order to remain in the course. The course will culminate in the administration of the May Advanced Placement Exam. A fee for the exam is paid in the spring. All students will be required to take the final exam in June.

Anatomy and Physiology: This course is involved with the structure and function of the human body.  Detailed attention is given to each organ in the different organ systems, showing the relationship to the organism as a whole.  The time is divided between lecture and laboratory work with emphasis on lecture.  The course requires a major dissection during the second semester, and is designed for students who are planning to major in the Life Sciences on the college level.  An optional test is offered by the Excelsior College for college credits.  

Physical Science: This one semester course is designed to expose students to various physical phenomena of our world and universe.  The student will acquire a basic understanding of the forces and energy that affect matter.  Topics include measurement and concepts in physics, the laws of motion, work and the various forms of energy, and wave motion.  

SOCIAL STUDIES

World History & Geography II: The course is designed to continue the focus on the five social studies standards, common themes that recur across time and place, and eight historical eras to be studied in chronological order.  Students explore what is happening in various global regions and civilizations at a given time and investigate issues from multiple perspectives.  The core curriculum extends from ancient Greece to modern times with the primary focus on the western world.  Emphasis will be placed on Document Based Essay (DBQ) writing, and critical thinking skills.  A World History & Geography II Honors course is also offered, providing enriched study and additional topics related to course content.  

U.S. History & Government: This course examines the emergence and growth of the United States from 1789 to the 20th Century.  Emphasis is placed on political, social, ethnic and international relations.  A U.S. History & Government Honors course is also offered, providing enriched study and additional topics related to course content.   Students are encouraged to take the SAT II in U.S. History upon completion of this course.  

Advanced Placement American History: This course is a chronological, college-level survey/seminar approach to American History, with emphasis on interpretation and analysis of significant historiographical material.  It is primarily a reading course; texts and supplementary readings have been chosen for their collective coverage of specific periods and because they represent a wide variety of genres of historical writing.  Students in this course will take the Advanced Placement American History exam in May. 

Government: The goal of the senior year Government course is to help students acquire the knowledge necessary to be active participants in American society.  This course assists students in becoming aware of their roles as citizens and helps them evaluate public issues, make informed judgments, and provide an understanding of how a person's values affect their decision ­making process.  Students acquire knowledge of how citizens have in the past, and can now and in the future, directly and indirectly interact with the public policy processes. 

Economics: The goal of the senior year Economics course is for the student to demonstrate an understanding of basic economic concepts.  Students become familiar with the economic system of the United States and how it operates.  They also explore the roles of various components of the American economic system.  Students examine their roles as consumer, worker, investor and voting citizen.  Topics of discussion include the Stock Market, comparative economic systems, and the impact of political and social decisions on the economy. 

Advanced Placement Government, Politics, and Economics: This course is the traditional, college level survey/seminar elective in the study of American government.  The major emphasis is placed on the study of American political ideology and the evolution of its democratic institutions.  The course's purpose is to demonstrate the political behavior of the American electorate, the function of its citizens and their involvement in the local, state, and national structures of the American political system.  Students will be able to evaluate the role of the national government and its relationship to the concept of liberty in a pluralistic society.  Discussions will emphasize the changing political culture of American society and its effect on voting patterns, trends and the processes in government.  Students in this course will take the Advanced Placement Government, Politics, and Economics exam in May. 

Advanced Placement World History: The purpose of the AP World History course is to develop greater understanding of the evolution of global processes and contacts in interaction with different types of human societies. This understanding is advanced through a combination of selective factual knowledge and appropriate analytical skills. The course highlights the nature of change in international frameworks and their causes and consequences, as well as comparisons among major societies. The course emphasizes relevant factual knowledge deployed in conjunction with leading interpretive issues and types of historical evidence. The course builds on an understanding of cultural, institutional, and technological precedents that, along with geography, set the human stage. Specific themes provide further organization to the course, along with consistent attention to contacts among societies that form the core of world history as a field of study.

Introduction to Psychology: Psychology is an introductory level course that examines the science of human behavior.  Students will be exposed to varied topics including adolescent, abnormal and developmental psychology.  Included in this survey will be discussion of the major theories and theorists in the fields of modern psychology. 

Ethics and Christian Theology in a Modern World:The study of Ethics involves consideration of questions about good and evil, right and wrong, and what makes it so. In a world with a population of 6,602,224,175, opinions vary. Why does a thief on one side of world get his hand removed while another thief someplace else pays a small fine for the infraction? Both are punished in some form. Would our opinion change if the thief in question stole to feed a starving child? We will wade into the waters of ethics, utilizing philosophy and history as our raft. We will study scenarios, the wisdom of the ancients, and the founder’s ideals, as well as formulate our own theories on our quest to answer the question of Good and Evil.

The second half of the course will focus on the fundamentals of Christian theology with theologians like St. Augustine and Dietrich Bonhoeffer forming the basis of our initial reading assignments. We will then examine different Christian theological principles and their application into the modern world. As part of our modern world application, we will examine the influence of religion on the domestic and foreign policy of the United States. Discussions will include such topics as the pro-life movement, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the relationship between the United States and Israel.

DISTANCE LEARNING

Psychology 181 – General Psychology: (3 credits) An introduction to the facts, principles, and theories of psychology.  Topics include definitions and historical overview, methods and measurement, learning, memory and forgetting, thinking and problem solving, development, perception, emotion and motivation, personality, adjustment, behavior disorders and therapy, and social psychology.